“A main cause of philosophical disease – an unbalanced diet: one nourishes oneself with only one kind of example.” (Wittgenstein, PI 593)
Here is a collection of historical and fictional individuals whose circumstances, lives or depictions raise vexed issues about integrity. As difficult cases, they focus discussion from different directions on different aspects of the integrity question. Some have already generated discussion in existing literature.
More detailed discussion can be found on our Portraits of Integrity pages.
Click on the icons below to find out more or contact us if you have an example we should add.
- George Orwell
- George Edward Moore
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Socrates
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Virginia Woolf
- Howard W. Campbell Jr
- Nelson Mandela
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Heinrich Himmler
- Simone Weil
- Mohandas Gandhi
- Captain Vere
- Mr. Adolf Verlog
- Robespierre, the ‘Incorruptible’
- John Brown
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Confucius
- Sir Edward Grey
- Edward Snowden
- Elizabeth Costello
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Henry James
- Oscar Schindler
- Tony Benn
- Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
- Rosa Parks
- Martin Luther King Jr.
- William Gladstone
- Hannah Arendt






























