“A main cause of philosophical disease – an unbalanced diet: one nourishes oneself with only one kind of example.” (Wittgenstein, PI 593)
Here is a collection of historical and fictional individuals whose circumstances, lives or depictions raise vexed issues about integrity. As difficult cases, they focus discussion from different directions on different aspects of the integrity question. Some have already generated discussion in existing literature.
More detailed discussion can be found on our Portraits of Integrity pages.
Click on the icons below to find out more or contact us if you have an example we should add.
- William Gladstone
- George Orwell
- Socrates
- Confucius
- Henry James
- Elizabeth Costello
- Mr. Adolf Verlog
- John Brown
- Mohandas Gandhi
- Sir Edward Grey
- Captain Vere
- Martin Luther King Jr.
- George Edward Moore
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Edward Snowden
- Hannah Arendt
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Nelson Mandela
- Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
- Tony Benn
- Heinrich Himmler
- Rosa Parks
- Howard W. Campbell Jr
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Virginia Woolf
- Oscar Schindler
- Simone Weil
- Robespierre, the ‘Incorruptible’






























