“A main cause of philosophical disease – an unbalanced diet: one nourishes oneself with only one kind of example.” (Wittgenstein, PI 593)
Here is a collection of historical and fictional individuals whose circumstances, lives or depictions raise vexed issues about integrity. As difficult cases, they focus discussion from different directions on different aspects of the integrity question. Some have already generated discussion in existing literature.
More detailed discussion can be found on our Portraits of Integrity pages.
Click on the icons below to find out more or contact us if you have an example we should add.
- Captain Vere
- Virginia Woolf
- Simone Weil
- John Brown
- Heinrich Himmler
- Nelson Mandela
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Sir Edward Grey
- Hannah Arendt
- Confucius
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Edward Snowden
- Elizabeth Costello
- Martin Luther King Jr.
- Oscar Schindler
- Henry James
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
- Mohandas Gandhi
- Tony Benn
- George Orwell
- William Gladstone
- Robespierre, the ‘Incorruptible’
- Howard W. Campbell Jr
- Rosa Parks
- Mr. Adolf Verlog
- George Edward Moore
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Socrates






























