“A main cause of philosophical disease – an unbalanced diet: one nourishes oneself with only one kind of example.” (Wittgenstein, PI 593)
Here is a collection of historical and fictional individuals whose circumstances, lives or depictions raise vexed issues about integrity. As difficult cases, they focus discussion from different directions on different aspects of the integrity question. Some have already generated discussion in existing literature.
More detailed discussion can be found on our Portraits of Integrity pages.
Click on the icons below to find out more or contact us if you have an example we should add.
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Virginia Woolf
- Confucius
- Robespierre, the ‘Incorruptible’
- Socrates
- Michael Kohlhaas
- Michael Kohlhaas
- William Gladstone
- Sir Edward Grey
- Martin Luther King Jr.
- Nelson Mandela
- Hannah Arendt
- Tony Benn
- Simone Weil
- Rosa Parks
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Elizabeth Costello
- Henry James
- George Edward Moore
- Oscar Schindler
- Mohandas Gandhi
- Edward Snowden
- Mr. Adolf Verlog
- Howard W. Campbell Jr
- Heinrich Himmler
- Captain Vere
- George Orwell
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
- John Brown






























